Unraid 6.12.0 Stable Release

ZFS Pools

Unraid 6.12.0 introduces a new feature that allows users to create ZFS file systems in user-defined pools. This release supports various root profiles, including raid0, mirror, raidz1, raidz2, and raidz3. The root profiles determine the organization of data within the ZFS pool. For example, raid0 provides striping for improved performance, while mirror creates redundant copies of data for increased reliability.

One notable capability of this release is the ability to format any data device in the Unraid array with a single-device ZFS file system which means that each data device can have its own ZFS file system, allowing for more flexibility and control over data management.

The release also includes support for scheduled ZFS pool trimming, which helps maintain optimal performance by discarding unused data blocks.

We are splitting full ZFS implementation across two Unraid OS releases, so while non-root vdevs cannot be configured in this release, they can be imported from other systems. However, it's important to note that imported hybrid pools may not be expandable in this release.

When creating a ZFS pool, there are three variables: profile, width, and groups. The profile represents the root data organization, width determines the number of devices per root vdev, and groups represent the number of root vdevs in the pool. The webGUI interface will present all available topology options based on the number of devices assigned to the pool.

Other configurable options include autotrim, compression, and encryption. Autotrim can be enabled or disabled for ZFS pools, except for single-device ZFS volumes in the Unraid array. Compression can also be enabled or disabled, with the default algorithm being lz4. Future updates are planned to allow the specification of other compression algorithms and levels.

For a good overview of ZFS, see this article. 
 

Share Storage Conceptual Change

New in this release is a conceptual change in the way storage is assigned to shares. The old concept of main storage being the unRAID array with an optional "Cache" confuses many new users, especially since "cache" has a specific meaning in ZFS.

Also outlined below, we introduced the concept of an exclusive share, a share where all the data exists in a single named pool. In this case, the FUSE-based User Share file system returns a symlink to the actual share directory in the pool. All operations within the share, including data transfer, bypass FUSE, resulting in greater performance. This feature primarily aims to maximize I/O for large fast ZFS pools accessed via a fast network.

Configuring the storage options for a share is specified using two inputs:

• Primary storage
• Secondary storage

Primary Storage

Primary storage is where new files and folders are created.

If Primary storage is below the Minimum Free Space setting, new files and folders will be created in Secondary storage if configured.

Each input presents a drop-down that lists "array," "none," and each named pool as a selection according to some configuration rules:

For the Primary storage drop-down:

• the "none" option is omitted, i.e., Primary storage must be selected
• any named pool can be selected
• "Array" can be selected (meaning the unRAID array)

Secondary Storage

For the Secondary storage drop-down:

• the "none" option is included, ie, Secondary storage is optional
• if Primary storage is a pool name, then the only options are "none" and "Array."
• if Primary storage is "Array," then only "none" appears as an option

When "Array" is selected for either Primary or Secondary storage, a set of additional settings slide in:

• Allocation method
• Included disk(s)
• Excluded disk(s)
• Split level

When a btrfs named pool is selected for either Primary or Secondary storage, an additional setting slides in:

• Enable Copy-on-write

Normally, this is set to "auto". The only time you would set this to "No" is if the share is storing Virtual Machine vdisk image files. In this case, you give up some error-checking ability for increased performance in doing I/O to that file with the VM.

Mover Action

When there is Secondary storage configured for a share, the "Mover action" setting becomes enabled, letting the user select the transfer direction of the mover:

• Primary to Secondary (default)
• Secondary to Primary

Exclusive Shares

If Primary storage for a share is a pool and Secondary storage is set to "none," then we can set up a bind-mount in /mnt/user/ directly to the pool share directory. (An additional check is made to ensure the share also does not exist on any other volumes.)

A new status flag, 'Exclusive access,' is set to 'Yes' when a bind-mount is in place and 'No' otherwise. Exclusive shares are also indicated on the Shares page.

The advantage of setting up a bind-mount is that I/O bypasses the FUSE-based user share file system (shfs), which can significantly increase performance.

Be sure to peruse the complete documentation to read up on this conceptual change.

Dashboard​

The webGUI Dashboard has been redesigned, and it is now possible to move elements (tiles) up and down and between columns. This allows the user to organize the tiles in any way they desire. There is a small lock icon on the menu bar which must be clicked to enable this function:

• Green is the normal state (the page is locked)
• Red is the attention state (page is unlocked)

Note: The lock icon also appears on the Docker and VM pages and must be clicked to rearrange the startup order.

Network Improvements​

We added a new section under Settings->Network Settings->Interface Extra, allowing users to define which interfaces the Unraid services use. By default, all standard interfaces with an IP address are included in the list of listening interfaces.

The tunnels of the built-in WireGuard function of Unraid are automatically added or removed from the list when the Wireguard tunnels are activated or deactivated. The user may exclude these tunnels from the list of listening interfaces.

To use the Tailscale or Zerotier interface, it is required to add the interface name or IP address of the communication to the list of included listening interfaces.

Important: It is imperative that Tailscale or Zerotier container is running before the interface is added to the list.

For more information, refer to this Community forum post.

VM Manager Changes

Other Improvements/Bug fixes

Linux Kernel and Base Distro Updates